Telecom Write For Us – We explain telecommunications, its history, and its societal impact. Also, careers in telecommunications.
What are telecommunications?
When we talk about telecommunications, we refer to the science and practice of transmitting information through electromagnetic means using specialized techniques and materials. Such information may be textual, audio, video, or a combination.
The term telecommunication comes from the French word télécommunication, composed of the Greek prefix tele -, “distance,” and the Latin word communicare, “to share.” It coin by the engineer and writer Édouard Estaunié (1862-1942) at the beginning of the 19th century as a replacement for the term used until then for communication by electrical impulses: telegraphy.
Within the concept of telecommunications, we can find today numerous technologies, from radio, television, telephony, computer networks, and the Internet to radio navigation, GPS, and telemetry. In almost all cases, these systems equipped with the following:
- An emitter. That encodes and transmits the signal through different media or channels.
- One or more receivers. They receive and decode the signal and can, in turn (or not), serve as transmitters.
- Repeaters, routers, and switches. These devices are designed to intensify, modify, channel, or repeat the transmitter’s signal.
One can also speak of Telecommunications Engineering or, simply, telecommunications, to refer to the study of this type of technology with a view to its management, improvement, and innovation.
Telecommunications History
The invention of the telegraph started telecommunications and gave way to the telephone.
Humans have tried to overcome distances to send and receive signals since very early times. For this, he used smoke signals, instrumental sounds, human messengers, or chains of fire signals.
However, it was only with the appearance of postal mail in its different versions. Some were older than others, and an accurate remote communication system appeared. It was generally aimed at communicating with the king or the imperial metropolis with his distant subjects or colonial territories.
For its part, the first systems of short-distance communication were created in the Modern Age. Thanks to the dominance of electricity, using it to transmit simple messages, generally limited to one word, arose through the telegraph.
Inspired by older optical versions that relied on encoding a message with symbols visible from a distance, the first forms of the electrical telegraph were developed in the initial half of the 19th century, revolutionizing the field of communications via Morse code.
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This invention consolidate in the following years as an excellent modern means of communication, especially in the United States, hand in hand with the expansion of the railway. It served as the basis for future inventions, such as the “talking telegraph” (the telephone) or “wireless telegraphy” (radio communication).
In the last eras of the 19th century and the first decades of the 20th century, the telephone develop by the invention of Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922) and/or Elisha Gray (1835-1901). In addition, the experiences of scientists and inventors such as Thomas Alva Edison (1847-1931), Nikola Tesla (1856-1943), and Aleksandr Popov (1859-1905) constituted a scientific and technological revolution in the area of telecommunications.
The invention of the first radio transmitter by Guillermo Marconi (1874-1937) gave rise to devices as diverse as the teletype or the short-wave radio transmitter and, in the 20th century, to transistor radio and television. Never has the human being managed to communicate so much over such long distances as from then on.
Finally, after the invention of computers and their incorporation into information exchange networks, new technologies were added: modems, sonar, microwaves, telecommunications satellites, cell phones, WiFi, and other contemporary data transmission modes. Information is digitized by electromagnetic waves.
types of telecommunications
The radio is still valid as a mass communication medium in isolated places.
There are many ways to classify telecommunications according to different elements. For example, we can distinguish between unidirectional communications, those in which the sender is always the sender, and bidirectional, in which the receivers eventually also occupy the role of the sender, that is, there is feedback.
On the other hand, depending on the nature of its specific technology, we can differentiate between:
- It refers not only to the transmission of radio waves in AM and FM from commercial stations, whose programming must retrieve by the public on their radio devices but also to short-wave radio devices, such as those used for navigation and military communications.
- Graham Bell’s old wire telephone replace throughout the 20th century by an entire modern telephone industry, which uses satellites and broadcast towers to send and receive electromagnetic signals of a specific frequency, which the device then converts into sound waves, recovering the speaker’s voice with minimal distortion and delay.
- The great invention that revolutionized the mass media in the 20th century has survived by adapting to the times through satellite broadcasts or streaming the Internet to bring audio and images to the receiving devices in each home, whether live, direct, or deferred.
- Today, practically everything is connected to the Internet, the incredible network of computer networks that allows the reciprocal transmission of information over enormous distances. It is an intricate network of computers interconnected reciprocally to share an immense volume of data of any nature through fiberglass cables, coaxial cables, or radio waves (WiFi). The Internet includes numerous services such as the World Wide Web, email, streaming services, etc.
- A technology now extinct, but which serves as an example, and consisted of using the telephone lines to send the reproduction of an image taken from a text, that is, something similar to a photocopier, whose originals, however, were far away. Since the advent of the Internet, it has become obsolete and abandoned worldwide.
Telecommunications impact
Telecommunications today play a vital role in most technological systems, meanwhile, both in the commercial and financial fields, as well as in the military, recreational, or cultural areas. Its effects have forever changed how we relate and communicate among human beings.
They have allowed the emergence of a more homogeneous culture the “global” culture or 2.0. For example, while allowing commercial exchange and new services. However, it has quickly become one of the areas with the most significant innovation, the highest demand, and the most considerable capital in the contemporary world.
Telecommunications Career
The study of telecommunications is carried out from very different approaches, each represented in a university degree or a similar degree. Therefore, this includes titles as diverse as they are, among others:
- Telecommunications engineering
- Web developer
- Higher Technician in Computer Networks
- University degree in telecommunications
The telecommunications study has a clear technological profile oriented towards applied science and electronic, industrial, and materials engineering.
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